Bridge Engineering Practice Test

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• This term refers to the surface vehicles contact on a bridge, designed for smoothness and durability.
• Which term describes the mapping of landforms and surface features used in site selection for bridge projects?
• What is the portion of a bridge that directly contacts vehicles and must be smooth and durable?
• Which bridge type is designed to carry fluids when pipelines cannot be run on a conventional bridge?
• In case the joints of a deck are open, what device is used under the open deck to transfer water and debris away from the bridge components?
• Which bridge type is best known for long spans and draping cables, suitable for river crossing and earthquake zones?
• This drainage system consists normally of scuppers/inlets made at the deck surface.
• What is the Latin title of the architectural treatise that articulates principles of safety, function, and beauty?
• One way to increase the rigidity of a bridge girder is to increase what geometric dimension?
• Identify the traditional hot-applied waterproofing method used on bridge decks that involves a mixture of graded aggregates and bitumen forming a durable layer.
• Which concept explains the distribution of a moving load across multiple girders to avoid concentration on a single girder?
• Which bridge surface option is common for longer-span bridges or those carrying heavy traffic loads, and may be constructed using precast concrete panels or poured-in-place concrete?
• Which load combination is used to ensure long-term performance under repeated traffic loads and to evaluate fatigue?
• Which bridge is modular and can accommodate various uses and provide passage?
• Load combinations are used to account for uncertainties in loads. Which statement best describes this?
• What is the standard loading value used for design trucks?
• Which bridge type is described as the deck located in the middle of the main structure?
• The device that connects the bridge superstructure with piers by pre-stressed concrete cables to prevent collapse during large earthquakes is:
• What is the most common steel bridge railing?
• Which term describes a bridge that carries traffic or pipelines over another communication system like roads or railways?
• Which term denotes a bridge composed of several small spans built to cross a valley or busy locality?
• Which deck type is commonly used for large-span bridges due to its stiffness characteristics?
• The Golden Gate Bridge is an iconic example of which bridge type?
• Which discipline encompasses graphic, horizontal, and vertical design, cross sections, and intersections, with objectives including serviceability, safety, cost-effectiveness, aesthetics, and environmental minimization?
• A countermeasure based on structural mechanics that is effective in decreasing the amplitude of vortex-induced oscillations observed during tower construction is known as what?
• Which movable bridge design involves girders and deck swinging about a vertical support ring at the middle piers?
• What term describes a road with a physical barrier or median separating lanes traveling in opposite directions?
• Which phenomenon involves temperature changes leading to stresses in bearings and joints?
• Under span length classifications, which category applies to Culverts L ≤ 20 ft?
• Which bridge type is often supported with trusses and is among the oldest types of modern bridges?
• What is the unit weight of concrete in kip/ft^3?
• What term serves as a unique designation to refer to a bridge?
• According to Vitruvius, buildings should be safe, functional, and what?
• Which bridge is described as simply supported and of simple design, cheap and quick to construct with standardized members?
• Which fatigue load combination is related to infinite load-induced fatigue life?
• To examine the coupling effects of different vibrational modes, which test is used?
• The Tokyo Gate Bridge is categorized as which bridge type in the provided examples?
• Which term describes the collection of documents prepared to provide reference information?
• This load combination is applicable to the longitudinal analysis of tensile stresses in prestressed concrete superstructure components.
• Which assessment category is primarily concerned with the behavior of soils and water at a bridge site?
• Which design approach is described as a method of design based on the ability of a structure to fulfill its function?
• Designed for two or more functions?
• Which railing system is described as being constructed primarily of reinforced concrete and is commonly used due to strength and impact resistance?
• Earth retaining structures supporting the superstructure at the beginning and end of the structure.
• Which joints are used to provide a smooth transition for modern bridge construction or continuous girders?
• Which effect is associated with submerged structures in water, providing an upward buoyant force?
• The safety mechanism for bridge collapses brought on by strong earthquakes, beyond the requirements of seismic design regulations, is:
• For smaller bridges or roads with less traffic, which railing type is appropriate?
• Which standard code is used for the design and construction of highway, railway and pedestrian bridges made of steel, concrete and composite materials?
• In Japan, the most basic highway bridge design code was last updated in which year?
• Which term refers to the surface of the bridge that vehicles travel on?
• Which joint design is intended to adjust its length to accommodate movement or deformation and ensure continuous traffic between bridge structures and interconnecting structures?
• The total length of a bridge is typically determined based on which conditions?
• Which surveys look into seismographic and earthquake disaster records?
• Vehicular loading on bridge roadways represents which category of loads?
• Which load is defined as the self-weight of bridge elements such as the deck slab, wearing coat, railings, parapet, stiffeners, and other utilities?
• The lever rule is an analytical tool used to determine which of the following in a simple beam with or without a loaded overhang?
• Which concept is used to investigate the position of vehicular live load, explaining why the design lane width is greater than the truck width?
• Rectangular steel beams supported by posts provide higher containment for bridges with high traffic volumes. Which railing is this?
• Divided carriageway is a deck where the lanes of opposite directions are separated by a median or barrier.
• Which type of joints accommodate total motion ranges in excess of about 130 mm?
• Cast-in-Place (CIP) Concrete Deck is constructed by pouring concrete on site into forms.
• Which joint type is specifically designed to accommodate large movements and support traffic across gaps?
• What wind speed threshold defines Strength III load combinations?
• Which type of stress is induced by construction equipment during bridge erection?
• Which section would provide the criteria used to assess structural performance under expected loads?
• Which section outlines fabrication and erection requirements including quality control?
• Which term refers to the space limit for carriageway and sidewalk to ensure traffic safety above the bridge?
• Which limit state provides a set of material toughness requirements based on the AASHTO Materials Specifications?
• Which bridge type is defined by a straight axis and simpler construction when geometry allows?
• Which joints are described as being able to reduce internal forces in extreme conditions and allow enough vertical movement for bearing replacement?
• Which bridge type is exemplified by the New River Gorge Bridge?
• A structure that carries a highway over an obstruction.
• Which section supplies the materials' properties to ensure compatibility with the chosen construction methods?
• Which of the following is an example of an advanced material used in modern bridges?
• A girder's seating length at its support must not be smaller than the required seating length. True or False?
• What is the gross vehicle weight of H20 in tons?
• Which component forms the boundary between the bridge’s superstructure and substructure?
• Which of the following is a Transient Load due to temperature gradient?
• This load combination is applicable to normal operational use of the bridge, with a 90 km/h wind and all loads taken at nominal values.
• Which bridge is built as runways for airplanes, and its width mainly depends on the wingspan of the aircraft?
• The weight of the bridge itself combined with the weight of whatever it carries is called what?
• What term describes strategies and procedures used to preserve the functionality, safety, and longevity of bridge members?
• AISC stands for which organization?
• Which load arises from the rapid release of energy during an explosion?
• What term describes abrupt forces or shocks on a structure caused by machinery that rotates or moves back and forth?
• Box beam guardrails are constructed from what structural element?
• Which ancient author is associated with the maxim 'structures shall be safe, functional and beautiful'?
• Which type of bridge has the load-carrying member simply supported at both ends?
• Designed as an automatic unit for the removal of overburden and for dumping it onto the inner spoil banks of open cut mines?
• Who is identified as the person or team responsible for the bridge design?
• Which term is used to describe the field that deals with the planning, design, analysis, construction, management, and maintenance of bridges?
• Which category of loads arises from gradual changes in material properties such as creep or shrinkage of concrete?
• The central stone in an arch that locks the arch in place is called what?
• What design philosophy states that maximum stress in a member must be below an allowable stress under service conditions and is also known as the Working Stress Design?
• Which study is used to predict traffic at different service-life stages and assess the need for a new bridge?
• Which span length category applies to 20 ft < L ≤ 125 ft?
• In the AASHTO LRFD Load Combination Table, γ stands for which concept?
• Realistic Assessment in load combinations is best described as:
• Which term refers to the factors that influence the magnitude or distribution of loads within a system?
• Which term describes the study of conditions that could influence earthquake impacts on a bridge?
• What term describes the sudden release of energy during an explosion, producing a load on structures?
• Which section would you consult to understand the plan for construction sequencing and quality assurance during erection?
• A stationary system designed to keep people or vehicles from falling off the bridge is called:
• Which force is the pushing or squeezing force that creates inward movement toward the center and helps keep arched bridges standing?
• It is considered for substructures of large bridges submerged under deep water bodies.
• Which of the following is NOT a feature listed as required for expansion joints in design phases?
• What term describes investigating records on wind speed, air temperature, rainfall, and snowfall for bridge design?
• Which option combines elements of both asphalt and concrete?
• Which load combination category is typically tailored to the material being used in the bridge structure?
• Which bridge type is most famously associated with suspension cables passing over towers and anchored at both ends?
• This load combination is only applicable for tensile stresses in prestressed concrete columns, with the intent to control cracking.
• Which term describes a concrete railing system designed primarily as a decorative element?
• The Design Tandem is assumed to be uniformly distributed over a width of how many feet?
• Which movable bridge type is commonly referred to as a drawbridge?
• Which surveys encompass soil tests, groundwater levels, river cross-sections, tides, and ship traffic to inform foundation design?
• Which statement best describes Equivalent Loading?
• The bridge type in which the deck is located on the bottom of the main structure.
• What is the component that transmits loads from the deck to the substructure and marks the boundary between the superstructure and substructure?
• Which term describes the process of designing a structure to withstand any worst loading scenario?
• Which joint category is associated with the smallest movement range?
• Under which Strength load combination does the unfactored dead load exceed seven times the unfactored live load?
• Clearance of bridge span is generally measured from which reference to the undersurface of the bridge?
• Which bridge collapsed 4 months after its completion in 1940 under a wind velocity of 19 m/s?
• Which bridge type is described as the most common, inexpensive, and simplest structure supported between abutments or piers, where the force of compression pushes the load toward the middle?
• What is the portion of the bridge below the bearing that is used for supporting the bridge superstructure and transmits all loads to ground?
• Which waterproofing system forms a continuous barrier by applying a liquid material to the deck surface?
• Which is a type of static instability that is analyzed using finite displacement analysis to study the wind force-deformation relation?
• The loading also known as the alternate military loading governs design of spans shorter than 40 ft. This loading is referred to as which term?
• What is the term for the total downward load on a bridge, including its own weight and the load it carries?
• Which deck layout involves two parallel levels of deck separated by an intermediate floor?
• In which phase is selecting the location and structural type crucial, considering route alignment, topography, geology, meteorology, and objects to be crossed?
• Which term is primarily concerned with how energy is absorbed and released by structures during impact events?
• Which loading arises from braking or accelerating of a vehicle on the bridge?
• Which information provides the context for the bridge's location within the road network?
• Which railing is commonly used on pedestrian bridges or bridges with architectural considerations due to its modern appearance?
• Which level of earthquake motions is used to assess the ultimate capacity of a structure in the plastic deformation range?
• Which term is used for the component transmitting loads from the deck to the substructure?
• If a bridge has a span of 180 meters, which design code would apply according to the source material?
• What term is another name for the design method where maximum stress must be less than allowable stress under service conditions?
• Which category is described as being material-specific and not part of a general limit-state framework?
• What term refers to the sudden dynamic forces acting on a bridge due to moving vehicles or other external factors?
• In an arch bridge, the central stone that locks into place is called the keystone?
• This load combination is applied to earthquakes. The factor for live load (γEQ) shall be determined on a project-specific basis.
• In asphalt pavement, what are the typical layers called that provide strength and wear resistance?
• The Design Lane Load has a uniformly distributed load of how many kip/ft in the longitudinal direction?
• In earthquake motion levels, which level is used to ensure no damage occurs to the structure?
• The Tokyo Gate Bridge is listed as an example of which bridge type?
• Undivided carriageway describes a deck where traffic loads share the same surface and are not separated.
• Which bridge is used to facilitate multiple functions, such as carrying utilities plus traffic?
• Which structure is constructed for the exclusive purpose of carrying railroad traffic across an obstruction?
• Design Truck is defined as which of the following?
• What does Legal Compliance ensure in load combinations context?
• This bridge works by conveying the downward pressure of gravity inward to the center of the structure — toward a central stone called the keystone — rather than straight down
• Eurocodes are a set of European Standards developed by which organization?
• The magnitude of the impact factor depends on several factors. Which of the following affects the condition of the road surface?
• Which term refers to a unique designation for the structure used by stakeholders?
• Which railing system is best known for its versatility and ability to be customized through tube or pipe construction connected to vertical posts?
• Which load combination represents normal vehicular use of the bridge in its 75-year design life with negligible wind effects?
• To produce extreme force effects, the rare axles spacing shall be varied between which range?
• Which pavement type is commonly used for longer-span bridges or heavy traffic due to construction requirements?
• What term describes the situation when a moving object makes contact with a stationary component or structure?
• This differ from the Strength limit states because the event for which the bridge and its components are designed has a greater return period than the 75-year design life.
• This load combination is applied to various types of collisions, as well as check floods and certain hydraulic events with a reduced live load other than that which is part of the vehicular collision load, CT
• The design lane load is assumed to be distributed over a width of how many feet?
• Which horizontal member is located between the handrail and the bridge deck?
• Which term refers to inspections essential for monitoring bridge condition and safety?
• Which term describes the force produced by the flow of wind around structures?
• The moving load cannot be concentrated on a single exterior or interior girder. Which concept is used because of this?
• What analytical method is used to ascertain the forced vibration of a structure by wind gusts?
• The BSDS Design Guide Manual addresses seismic design for conventional new bridges under what hazard scenario?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as an importance of load combinations?
• Which term describes a vertical opening in a bridge deck that allows water drainage from the deck?
• The bridge type in which the deck is placed on the top of the main structure.
• Which bridge type uses a pillar anchored vertically into the ground to support a horizontal deck extending out from one or both sides across the span?
• The seating length is defined as the distance between the end of the girder and the end of the abutment where it is placed. What is this distance commonly called?
• Which joint type is capable of accommodating movement up to about 45 mm?
• A mathematical tool used to study the response of a structure to a dynamic load or impulse.
• The Donghai Bridge is an example of which bridge type?
• Which device is described as a safety mechanism for bridge collapses brought on by strong earthquakes, beyond the requirements of seismic design regulations?
• What is the role of expansion joints in bridges?
• Which category includes span lengths greater than 400 ft?
• What does the acronym BSDS stand for?
• What is the force that causes deformation parallel to a plane, analogous to torsion on a horizontal plane?
• What waterproofing method is commonly used in construction to provide a protective barrier against water infiltration for bridge decks?
• In earthquake engineering, which level corresponds to motions under which a structure is not damaged when these motions strike?
• Used in natural disasters (also named as emergency bridges) and in the war (military bridges) that can be easily assembled and then taken apart in the war are also used in practice?
• Which railing features a wave pattern intended to improve rigidity?
• Which loading is also known as the alternate military loading and typically governs spans shorter than 40 ft?
• Which railing is commonly used on pedestrian bridges due to its modern aesthetic and flexible cable design?
• What is Dynamic Load Allowance?
• Which bridge type is described as the deck placed on the top of the main structure?
• Which category includes fiber-reinforced plastics, high-performance concrete, and composite materials?
• Which category includes treatments such as epoxy overlays, high-friction surface treatments, or rubberized asphalt overlays?
• Which railing uses W-shaped steel beams as the primary structural element and is commonly used on highways to contain and redirect vehicles?
• Which category would include epoxy overlays and high-friction surface treatments applied to improve skid resistance and waterproofing?
• What term describes the tendency of concrete to deform under the influence of mechanical stresses?
• Which structural mechanism dissipates energy to reduce dynamic responses in wind-excited bridges?
• What term describes the condition when an object falls from a height and strikes a surface, transmitting kinetic energy upon contact?
• The New River Gorge Bridge is an example of which bridge type?
• Which bridge type is best suited for strong winds and dynamic loads, and can be used as a temporary prefabricated pedestrian bridge?
• What is the decorative concrete railing system commonly used on bridges with architectural considerations or historical significance?
• Deck Width is defined as the sum of which elements?
• Orthotropic Steel Deck is characterized by a steel plate with stiffeners, suitable for large-span bridges.
• This differ from any of the other combinations previously described because the focus is centered around a member subjected to countless repetitions (referred to as cycles) of a "normal" live load in an average climate, rather than a "worst-case" live load or during an extreme weather event.
• Which term refers to the systematic investigation of a structure's stability, strength and rigidity?
• The bridge type in which the deck is located in the middle of the main structure.
• Which term refers to solid concrete walls or barriers installed along the sides of a bridge for high containment or rollover risk?
• Which section describes the geological and ground conditions at the bridge site?
• Which bridge type is curved and presents greater complexity?
• Which term describes a modular, factory-made section of concrete railing installed on a bridge?
• Which statement describes a Transient Load due to temperature changes?
• Which pavement type provides a smooth surface and can accommodate minor movements?
• Which method introduces load factors (gamma_i) and a strength reduction factor (phi) to overcome the drawbacks of the ASD method?
• What is the primary role of bridge pavement besides providing a smooth riding surface?
• What term refers to the set of requirements established to ensure bridge safety in stiffness, strength, and stability for the entire bridge or its components?
• Which bridge is designed solely for pedestrians?
• Which test is used to examine the coupling effects of different vibration modes in a bridge model?
• Which bridge type uses vertical piers to support a horizontal deck spanning between supports?
• Which section specifies the anticipated loads and loading scenarios the bridge is designed to withstand?
• Which bridge type is typically chosen for quick construction with standardized elements for simple highway crossings?
• Which joints are most commonly used in bridges for accommodating movement?
• Which term describes abrupt forces or shocks on a structure caused by rotating or reciprocating machinery?
• Which phenomenon is considered the most critical for the dynamic stability of suspension bridges due to the risk of collapse?
• Which load is typically the first design load to be calculated in bridge design?
• Which bridge type is described as a structure with main towers, cable stays, and main girders, with cables inclined to the deck?
• A bridge constructed for carrying water, like a viaduct that connects points of same height?
• Which survey focuses on river hydraulics, tides, and navigational water flow to support foundation design?
• What is the name of the document published by AASHO in 1927 as the first national design specification for highway bridges?
• What term encompasses a range of advanced simulation methods used to model real-world scenarios and forecast the impact of transient loads on materials?
• Which term is used for the distribution factor related to deflection in bridge design?
• Which term describes the category of the bridge based on span length, configuration, and intended use?
• What is the prevailing design concept for bridge design worldwide?
• Which part of a bridge is particularly vulnerable to water and chloride attack, affecting longevity and durability?
• What term is the distance between the end of wing walls at abutments or the deck lane length for bridges without abutments?
• Which bridge type is defined by a load-bearing superstructure composed of a truss?
• Which bridge type uses straight cables connected to a tower and is economical for long spans?
• Dynamic Load Allowance is described as:
• Which layout concerns aligning the bridge structure in the horizontal plane along the road alignment?
• Which component consists of vertical supports that connect the handrail to the bridge deck?
• Which bridge type relies on inclined cables radiating from towers to the deck?
• For long-term safety and durability through periodic checks, which section offers guidance?
• This bridge type has draping cables supporting additional set of cables. This are best used over rivers, earthquake zone, and can be constructured with atleast two towers.
• The distance between the end of the girder and the end of the abutment where it is placed is called:
• Which section provides guidelines for ongoing maintenance and inspection activities?
• Which term refers to a reinforced concrete railing system used to contain and guide vehicles on high-traffic bridges?
• What term describes simplifying dynamic loads by treating them as equivalent static loads?
• Which wind tunnel test configuration studies the aerodynamic characteristics of a specific mode?
• In wind tunnel testing, which test studies the aerodynamic characteristics of a specific mode using a rigid model with spring support?
• Which twisting force, often caused by wind, can cause dangerous movement in long-span structures like suspension bridges?
• Which bridge type is designed to carry water across a gap and connect points of equal height, often used as a water-carrying arch?
• Which statement best defines Safety Assurance in the context of load combinations?
• This geometric shape bridge is more difficult in both design and construction.
• If you need to evaluate how site soils could affect foundation design, which section would you review?
• Which bridge uses pre-stressed steel or concrete and has no direct under supports?
• The bridge axis that follows a straight line, and the bridges should be constructed in straight to avoid extra forces.
• Temporary forces during the bridge construction phase due to the deadweight of equipment are called which load?
• Which surveys determine location, structural type, total length, and span-length ratio by mapping topography and geology?
• The process of determining bridge location begins with considering the alignment of the main road; which term describes this first step?
• What is the low barrier at the bottom of the railing that prevents debris or small objects from falling off the bridge?
• Which item is NOT listed as a Permanent Load in the provided material?
• Which deck type offers acceptable skid resistance but has the drawback of excessive differential shrinkage?
• Which load is caused by an object falling from a height and delivering kinetic energy upon impact?
• Which term describes a design approach that focuses on satisfying specified performance criteria under various limit states?
• Which item is listed as a Transient Load?
• In load combinations where one force effect decreases another effect, the _____ shall be applied to the load reducing the force effect.
• Which term describes the surface of a bridge that carries traffic?
• Which railing system is built from steel tubes or pipes connected to vertical posts and is easy to customize?
• Which pavement type is popular for bridge pavements due to its flexibility, durability, and relatively low cost, and can accommodate slight movements in the bridge structure?
• What term refers to actions in the form of forces, deformations, or accelerations applied to a structure?
• A bridge whose main structures are cantilevers and are used to build girder bridges and truss bridges?
• This bridge type has straight cables connected to a tower. Its best use for long distances and preserving envornment. This may use only one tower and it cost less than suspension
• Caused due to temperature that induces stresses in bearings and deck joints.
• Which term denotes a bridge with several small spans constructed over a valley or busy locality?
• Which category reflects a service-oriented perspective of normal operating conditions rather than extreme events?
• Which waterproofing method uses a hot-applied asphalt mix that dries to form a durable waterproof layer?
• Which force is the pulling or stretching force that creates outward movement away from the center?
• This load combination represents an extra safeguard for bridge superstructures where the unfactored dead load exceeds seven times the unfactored live load.
• These are often used in highway design when the geometry cannot accommodate straight bridges.
• Deck Width is defined as the sum of the carriageway width, sidewalk width, shoulder width, and what else?
• What term describes the distance between centers of two bearings at supports?
• Which force pushes inward on an arch, helping to transmit loads to the abutments?
• Which analysis uses a power spectral representation to study the structure's response to an impulsive load?
• Which Strength load combination represents the simultaneous occurrence of normal vehicular use and a 90 km/h wind event with factors 1.35 and 0.40?
• Which term describes a bridge that carries road traffic over a channel or valley?
• Which type of bridge railing is constructed primarily using steel materials?
• They occur due to change in material properties either internally or externally. The change may be creep, shrinkage of concrete, etc.
• Which bridges are statically indeterminate structures whose spans are continuous over three or more supports?
• This load combination is applied for controlling permanent deformations of compact steel sections and the "slip" of slip-critical bolted steel connections due to vehicular live load.
• A popular material for trusses and trestles in the 1800s, also used for covered bridges.
• Which type of joints are designed to adjust their length to accommodate movement or deformation and allow continuous traffic between bridge structures?
• Which manual provides guidelines to DPWH engineers for seismic design of conventional new bridges under large earthquakes?
• Which pavement type typically consists of multiple layers, including a base course and a wearing course, to ensure strength and longevity?
• Which waterproofing type uses liquid-applied materials sprayed or spread to form a continuous protective barrier on the deck surface?
• Which organization published the first national design specification for highway bridges in the United States in 1927?
• Which option describes a decorative concrete railing used for architectural effect on bridges?
• What term describes a condition beyond which the bridge or component ceases to satisfy the provisions for which it was designed?
• A bridge designed for carrying fluids such as water, oil, and gas when it is not possible to run the pipeline on a conventional bridge or under the river?
• Which movable bridge has main girders that can be lifted together with the deck about a hinge located at the end of the span, and is also referred to as a drawbridge?
• Which modification is often added to the classic triad for bridges?
• In typical strength design practice, for components not wind-dominated, which two load combinations should not govern?
• A bridge shaped as an upward convex curved arch to sustain the vertical loads. It works by transferring its weight and other loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the strong abutments at either side?
• Which term describes pre manufactured concrete railing sections that are installed on bridges?
• Double-Decked Bridges feature two levels of deck.
• Temporary forces during construction due to the deadweight of equipment are called which load?
• Induces horizontal forces on submerged portion.
• Which design method introduces load factors and a strength reduction factor to address ASD drawbacks?
• Which field focuses on the surveying, plan, design, analysis, construction, management, and maintenance of bridges that support or resist loads?
• Which is a Permanent Load related to time-dependent deformation?
• Expansion joints should be installed when?
• Which section outlines key parameters and considerations that influenced the design process?
• Which joint type can accommodate total motion ranges between about 45 mm and about 130 mm?
• In design codes, load combinations are used to ensure which of the following?
• Which barrier is a stationary system to prevent falls from a bridge?
• In bridge loading nomenclature, H20-44 refers to which of the following?
• Which term best describes loads that result from inertia and dynamic effects of moving vehicles on the bridge?
• For a typical multi-girder highway overpass, which load combination generally would be the only one requiring design calculations unless Strength II and IV are needed?
• Which bridge type uses triangular truss units and is among the oldest modern bridge designs?
• Which document item records when the bridge design work was completed and serves as a reference for revisions?
• Which factor relates to the likelihood that bridge members may fail?
• What phenomenon arises when wind or movement across a bridge causes sustained oscillations?
• Which term describes pre manufactured sections of concrete railing that are installed on a bridge?
• These consist of steel tubes or pipes connected to vertical posts and are versatile enough to be customized to various designs. Which railing is this?
• Cast-in-Place Concrete Deck is best described as:
• Which load combination represents an owner-specified permit load model with less uncertainty than random traffic?
• The physical extension of the roadway across the obstruction to be bridged is called the ____.
• The bridge type where the deck is located on the bottom of the main structure?
• Which design concept is prevailing worldwide for bridge design?
• This load combination represents the simultaneous occurrence of normal vehicular use of the bridge within a 90 km/h wind event, with load factors of 1.35 and 0.40 respectively.
• Which organization would primarily use the guidelines in the BSDS Design Guide Manual?
• What is the primary function of a drainage system on a bridge deck?
• In modern construction, a combination of ___ and ____ is most often used for freeway overpasses.
• What elements may be added to the railing to enhance visibility at night or in low-light conditions?
• Which part lies directly below the bearings and transmits loads to ground?
• Which fatigue concept is associated with infinite fatigue life?
• In the Japanese Lane Load Specification, the distributed live load intensity on secondary lanes should be what percentage of the live load on main lanes?
• In Japan, the basic highway bridge design code applies to bridges with span shorter than what length?
• This bridge is one of the oldest bridge type with semicircular design. Its best use due to its durability and easy accessible materials
• They Induce both vertical and horizontal forces during earthquake.
• Orthotropic Steel Deck is most associated with long-span structures due to its stiffened steel plate construction.
• Which of the following is a Transient Load?
• Which section describes the design approach including structural form, materials, and construction methods?
• Unlike the Strength limit state load combinations, the which are, for the most part, material specific?
• In Typical Strength Design Practice, for components not traditionally governed by wind force effects, the ___ and ___ Load Combinations should not govern.
• In strength design, which factors indicate the uncertainty of the loads and are calibrated using structural reliability theory?
• The factors shall be selected to produce which factored force effect?
• For this type of bridge, the bridge deck system is not the load carrying system.
• Which section outlines the properties and specifications of materials used in construction?
• Construction materials are evolving to respond to specific environmental conditions and cut down on maintenance. These include fiber-reinforced plastics, high-performance concrete, and composite materials.
• Lane load on a road is described as which type of load in structural terms?
• Precast Concrete Deck consists of panels precast off-site and transported to the bridge.
• Which load combination is applicable to bridge structures exposed to winds in excess of 90 km/h?
• In which bridge type is the deck not the load-carrying system?
• Which design category includes the total span length, number of spans, bridge elevation, and longitudinal slope, as well as foundation burial depth?
• Which term describes the study of soil properties and groundwater for bridge foundations?
• What is the upper part of a bridge railing that provides a handhold for pedestrians and serves as a visual guide for drivers?
• What is the term for a construction made for carrying the road traffic or other moving loads in order to pass through an obstacle or other constructions?
• Which load moves along the entire length of the bridge during service?
• Which term represents the portion of a bridge above the bearings?
• Which railing features an additional corrugation or wave pattern on the top surface to enhance rigidity?
• The downward pull is caused by which force?
• Which fatigue load combination is related to finite load-induced fatigue life?
• Corrugated Steel Deck uses corrugated steel sheets often filled with concrete to create a composite deck.
• Which term describes the pulling or stretching force that causes materials to extend?
• Which load combination category is used to model the response of a bridge to hydrologic events with reduced live load?
• Which railing type, made of reinforced concrete, is often used on bridges with high traffic volumes and provides durability and impact resistance?
• Which limit state governs material toughness requirements under AASHTO specifications?
• This examines how structures absorb and release energy when subjected to impact events.
• A _____ (or road bed) is the roadway, or the pedestrian walkway, surface of a bridge.
• Which railing consists of steel cables tensioned between posts and is commonly used on pedestrian bridges or bridges with architectural considerations?
• Which term describes the practice of combining different loads to reflect realistic effects on a bridge?
• This drainage system is described as a vertical or horizontal through the bridge curb or the bridge deck at curb line.
• Which bridge type is one of the oldest with semicircular arch?
• If a bridge is built on horizontal curves, the movement of a vehicle along curves will cause this force on the superstructure.
• What wind velocity caused the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse?
• Level II Earthquake Motions correspond to which design consideration?
• In which movable bridge do gantries at the piers lift the girder and floor system using hydraulic arrangements to allow ship passage, with the span rising vertically?
• In design phases, expansion joints are required to have which attribute?
• Which bridge type relies on arch action to transmit loads to the supports?
• Timber Deck is traditional for smaller bridges but maintenance challenges and susceptibility to decay.
• These are employed to guard against the superstructure collapsing from piers as a result of a support loss capacity and to prevent a significant displacement between the superstructure and substructure. Which are they?
• A low-maintenance and durable option often used for arched bridges; associated with Roman era construction.
• What term describes restrictions to the stress range encountered in a member subject to an anticipated number of stress range cycles?
• Pertains to the combination of structural elements that assemble the surface or roadway of a bridge.
• Which force is a twisting moment that can threaten the stability of long-span bridges?
• The Forth Bridge is an example of which bridge type?
• Which railing is commonly used on bridges with higher traffic volumes?